University of Wisconsin - Madison \ iL ? A \ - Institute for Research on Poverty
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چکیده
Drawing on analyses of the 1973 and 1962 Occupational Changes in a Generation Surveys, this paper reports and attempts to explain empirically the apparent anomaly that between 1961 and 1972 the pecuniary effects of completing high school among men aged 25 to 34 years old rose appreciably. Our finding is new because sociologists studying the relationship between educational attainment and income have generally heretofore omitted measures of a twelfth-grade "diploma" effect. Our finding is theoretically significant because, under conventional assumptions of human capital theory, we would have expected the effects of high school graduation to have fallen between 1961 and 1972 as the proportion of men who were high school graduates rose. We are unable to explain the increase in the effects of high school completion in terms of widening human capital differences between dropouts and graduates, in terms of queuing processes, or in terms of demand factors associated with occupational composition. We are able to statistically, but not substantively, explain the increase as partly due to demand factors reflected in labor force participation differentials. We conclude by suggesting that as high school graduation becomes increasingly common, the social definition of the high school dropout as an unqualified labor market pariah intensifies, and the economic disadvantages suffered by dropouts increase beyond those predicted by simple models of the education-income relationship.
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تاریخ انتشار 2007